When more energy is needed in the body, glucose is one necessary component, and glucose molecules are then broken off of the chain by hydrolysis, the addition of water (and the opposite of dehydration reactions). Glucose is stored in long chains that are made through many dehydration reactions, and this molecule is called glycogen. When more than two sugars are joined, the molecule is called a polysaccharide.
A sugar with one ring is a monosaccharide, and condensation reactions join units of glucose together to form disaccharides, with water also being produced as a result. Carbohydrates are simple sugars such as glucose, which is used for energy in the body. When water is a product, the condensation reaction is often called a dehydration reaction.Ĭondensation reactions are used to make crucial large molecules called macromolecules in the body, such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Some examples of small molecules that are byproducts of condensation reactions are acetic acid (CH 3COOH) and methanol (CH 3OH), but most often water (H 2O) is formed from one molecule losing hydrogen (H) and another losing a hydroxyl group (-OH), especially in the biological reactions that take place in living things. Examples of Condensation Condensation ReactionsĪ condensation reaction is the formation of a larger molecule from two smaller ones, which also form another, smaller molecule by losing functional groups in order to join together. There is also DNA condensation, which is when chains of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) compact into a denser structure when a cell is preparing to divide. Condensation can also refer to a state change in water from gas to liquid, which is an important step in the water cycle.
A condensation reaction is when two smaller molecules join to form a larger one by removing functional groups that form a small molecule, often water. Condensation has multiple meanings in the field of biology.
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